Thaum tshav kub kub kho ntawm aluminium thiab aluminium alloys, ntau yam teeb meem feem ntau ntsib, xws li:
-Qhov kev tso kawm tsis raug: Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau ib feem deformation, feem ntau vim tias tsis muaj cua sov tshem tawm los ntawm qhov nruab nrab quenching ntawm tus nqi nrawm txaus kom ua tiav cov khoom xav tau.
-Rapid cua sov: Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau thermal deformation;Kev tso kawm kom zoo yuav pab kom muaj cua sov.
-Overheating: Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau ib nrab melting lossis eutectic melting.
-Nto scaling / kub kub oxidation.
-Kev kho mob ntau dhau lossis tsis txaus, ob qho tib si tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
-Kev hloov pauv hauv lub sijhawm / kub / quenching tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab / lossis lub cev ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv.
-Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsis txaus, lub sijhawm rwb thaiv tsev tsis txaus, thiab qhov cua txias tsis txaus thaum lub sij hawm kho cua sov tuaj yeem ua rau tsis txaus.
Kev kho cua sov yog txheej txheem thermal tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam txhuas, cia peb delve rau hauv ntau yam kev paub.
1. Kev kho mob ua ntej
Cov txheej txheem ua ntej kev kho mob uas txhim kho cov qauv thiab txo kev ntxhov siab ua ntej quenching yog qhov zoo rau kev txo qis distortion.Kev kho mob ua ntej feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem xws li spheroidizing annealing thiab kev ntxhov siab nyem annealing, thiab qee qhov kuj txais quenching thiab tempering los yog normalizing kev kho mob.
Kev Nyuaj Siab Kev Nyuaj Siab: Thaum lub sij hawm machining, residual stresses tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim muaj yam xws li machining txoj kev, cov cuab yeej koom tes, thiab txiav ceev.Kev faib tawm tsis sib xws ntawm cov kev ntxhov siab no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thaum quenching.Txhawm rau txo cov teebmeem no, kev ntxhov siab nyem annealing ua ntej quenching yog tsim nyog.Qhov kub rau kev ntxhov siab annealing feem ntau yog 500-700 ° C.Thaum cua sov hauv nruab nrab cua, qhov kub ntawm 500-550 ° C nrog lub sijhawm tuav ntawm 2-3 teev yog siv los tiv thaiv oxidation thiab decarburization.Ib feem cuam tshuam vim qhov hnyav ntawm tus kheej yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom, thiab lwm cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem annealing.
Preheat kho rau kev txhim kho cov qauv: Qhov no suav nrog spheroidizing annealing, quenching thiab tempering, normalizing kev kho mob.
-Spheroidizing Annealing: Qhov tseem ceeb rau cov cuab yeej carbon steel thiab alloy cuab yeej hlau thaum kho cua sov, cov qauv tau txais tom qab spheroidizing annealing ho cuam tshuam qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thaum lub sij hawm quenching.Los ntawm kev kho cov qauv tom qab annealing, ib tus tuaj yeem txo qhov tsis sib xws thaum lub sijhawm quenching.
-Lwm txoj kev kho ua ntej: Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem ua haujlwm kom txo tau qhov kev sib tw quenching, xws li quenching thiab tempering, normalizing kev kho mob.Xaiv cov kev kho mob ua ntej tsim nyog xws li quenching thiab tempering, normalizing kev kho mob raws li qhov ua rau distortion thiab cov khoom ntawm ib feem tuaj yeem txo qhov distortion.Txawm li cas los xij, kev ceev faj yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab ntxiv tom qab tempering, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov quenching thiab tempering kev kho mob tuaj yeem txo qhov nthuav dav thaum quenching rau steels uas muaj W thiab Mn, tab sis muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau txo deformation rau steels xws li GCr15.
Hauv kev tsim cov tswv yim, txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau quenching distortion, txawm tias nws yog vim muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis cov qauv tsis zoo, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho kom zoo.Kev ntxhov siab rau kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum tau ua rau kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ntxhov siab seem, thaum kho xws li tempering uas hloov cov qauv tsis tsim nyog, thiab rov ua dua.Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txo qis quenching distortion kom txo cov nqi thiab xyuas kom zoo.
2.Quenching cua sov ua haujlwm
Quenching Kub: Lub quenching kub ho cuam tshuam distortion.Peb tuaj yeem ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txo qis deformation los ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias, los yog cov nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm yog tib yam li qhov kub thiab txias kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txo deformation, los yog xaiv tsim nyog thiab khaws cia cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm thiab cov quenching kub tom qab kev kho cua sov. , thiaj li yuav txo tau cov nyiaj machining tom ntej.Cov nyhuv ntawm quenching kub ntawm quenching deformation tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv hauv workpiece, tab sis kuj muaj feem xyuam rau qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm lub workpiece.Thaum cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm lub workpiece txawv heev, txawm hais tias cov khoom ntawm lub workpiece yog tib yam, quenching deformation sib txawv heev, thiab tus neeg teb xov tooj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv tiag tiag ntau lawm.
Quenching tuav lub sij hawm: Kev xaiv lub sijhawm tuav tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom cov cua sov zoo thiab ua tiav qhov xav tau hardness lossis cov khoom siv kho tshuab tom qab quenching tab sis kuj txiav txim siab nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev cuam tshuam.Nthuav quenching tuav lub sij hawm tseem ceeb nce qhov kub ntawm quenching, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pronounced rau siab carbon thiab siab chromium hlau.
Cov txheej txheem thauj khoom: Yog hais tias lub workpiece raug muab tso rau hauv ib daim ntawv tsis tsim nyog thaum cua sov, nws yuav ua rau deformation vim qhov hnyav ntawm lub workpiece los yog deformation vim kev sib nrig sib extrusion ntawm lub workpieces, los yog deformation vim tsis sib xws ntawm cua sov thiab txias vim yog overloading ntawm lub workpieces.
Txoj Kev Kub Kub: Rau cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab txawv thickness workpieces, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau thiab cov ntsiab lus alloy, cov txheej txheem cua sov qeeb thiab tsis sib xws yog qhov tseem ceeb.Kev siv preheating feem ntau tsim nyog, qee zaum yuav tsum tau ntau lub voj voog ua ntej.Rau cov workpieces loj dua tsis tau kho zoo los ntawm preheating, siv lub thawv tsis kam rauv nrog cov cua sov tswj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cua kub ceev.
3. Kev ua haujlwm txias
Quenching deformation feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem txias.Kev xaiv quenching nruab nrab, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab txhua kauj ruam ntawm cov txheej txheem txias ncaj qha cuam tshuam quenching deformation.
Quenching nruab nrab xaiv: Thaum ua kom ntseeg tau qhov xav tau hardness tom qab quenching, me me quenching xov xwm yuav tsum tau nyiam kom txo qis distortion.Siv cov khoom siv da dej kub kom txias (kom yooj yim kom ncaj thaum qhov tseem kub) lossis txawm tias cua txias tau pom zoo.Cov nruab nrab nrog cov cua txias ntawm dej thiab roj kuj tuaj yeem hloov cov dej-roj dual nruab nrab.
- Cua txias quenching: Cua txias quenching yog zoo rau txo cov quenching deformation ntawm high-speed steel, chromium pwm steel thiab cua txias micro-deformation steel.Rau 3Cr2W8V steel uas tsis tas yuav tsum muaj siab hardness tom qab quenching, cua quenching kuj siv tau los txo deformation los ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias.
- Roj txias thiab quenching: roj yog qhov nruab nrab quenching nrog qis qis qis dua li dej, tab sis rau cov workpieces uas muaj zog hardenability, me me, cov duab complex thiab loj deformation nyiam, cov cua txias ntawm cov roj yog siab dhau, tab sis rau workpieces nrog me me tab sis tsis zoo. hardenability, qhov txias ntawm cov roj tsis txaus.Txhawm rau daws qhov tsis sib haum xeeb saum toj no thiab ua kom tag nrho siv cov roj quenching kom txo cov quenching deformation ntawm workpieces, tib neeg tau siv txoj kev kho cov roj kub thiab nce quenching kub kom nthuav dav siv roj.
- Hloov qhov kub ntawm quenching roj: siv tib lub roj kub rau quenching kom txo quenching deformation tseem muaj cov teeb meem hauv qab no, uas yog, thaum cov roj kub qis, qhov quenching deformation tseem loj, thiab thaum cov roj kub siab, nws yog ib qho nyuaj los xyuas kom meej tias lub workpiece tom qab quenching hardness.Raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov duab thiab cov khoom siv ntawm qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm, nce qhov kub ntawm cov roj quenching kuj tuaj yeem ua rau nws deformation.Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab cov roj kub ntawm cov roj quenching tom qab dhau qhov kev xeem raws li qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm, hla ntu loj thiab cov duab.
Thaum siv cov roj kub kub rau quenching, kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws kub los ntawm cov roj kub kub los ntawm quenching thiab txias, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab ze ntawm lub tank roj.Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ntsuas zoo ntawm cov roj quenching yuav tsum tau kuaj tsis tu ncua, thiab cov roj tshiab yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv los yog hloov lub sijhawm.
- Ua kom lub quenching kub: Txoj kev no yog tsim rau me me cross-section carbon steel workpieces thiab me ntsis loj alloy steel workpieces uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm hardness tom qab cua sov thiab cua sov preservation ntawm ib txwm quenching kub thiab roj quenching.Los ntawm qhov tsim nyog nce qhov kub thiab txias thiab tom qab ntawd roj quenching, cov nyhuv ntawm hardening thiab txo deformation tuaj yeem ua tiav.Thaum siv txoj kev no kom quench, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xws li grain coarsening, txo cov neeg kho tshuab zog thiab kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub workpiece vim muaj zog quenching kub.
- Classification thiab austempering: Thaum lub quenching hardness tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim, kev faib tawm thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov da dej kub nruab nrab yuav tsum tau siv tag nrho kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txo quenching deformation.Txoj kev no kuj tseem siv tau rau kev ua kom tsis muaj zog tsawg, ntu me me carbon cov qauv hlau thiab cov cuab yeej hlau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov chromium-muaj steel hlau thiab high-speed steel workpieces nrog siab hardenability.Kev faib tawm ntawm chav da dej kub nruab nrab thiab cov txheej txheem txias ntawm austempering yog cov txheej txheem quenching rau hom hlau no.Ib yam li ntawd, nws kuj tseem siv tau rau cov pa roj carbon steel thiab cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau uas tsis tas yuav muaj kev kub ntxhov siab.
Thaum quenching nrog da dej kub, cov teeb meem hauv qab no yuav tsum tau them rau:
Ua ntej, thaum cov roj da dej yog siv rau kev muab qhab nia thiab isothermal quenching, cov roj kub yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis kom tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws.
Thib ob, thaum quenching nrog nitrate ntsev qib, nitrate ntsev tank yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej tsim nyog thiab dej txias.Rau lwm yam kev ceev faj, thov mus saib cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuam, thiab yuav tsis rov hais dua ntawm no.
Thib peb, qhov ntsuas kub isothermal yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis thaum isothermal quenching.Qhov kub los yog qis qis tsis haum rau kev txo qis deformation.Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm austempering, txoj kev dai ntawm lub workpiece yuav tsum raug xaiv los tiv thaiv deformation los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm lub workpiece.
Plaub, thaum siv isothermal los yog graded quenching los kho cov duab ntawm lub workpiece thaum nws kub, cov cuab yeej thiab fixtures yuav tsum tau nruab tag nrho, thiab qhov kev txiav txim yuav tsum ceev thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm.Tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov quenching zoo ntawm lub workpiece.
Kev ua haujlwm txias: Kev ua haujlwm zoo thaum lub sijhawm ua kom txias muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau quenching deformation, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv cov dej los yog roj quenching nruab nrab.
-Txoj kev taw qhia ntawm quenching nruab nrab nkag: Feem ntau, symmetrically balanced los yog elongated pas nrig zoo li workpieces yuav tsum tau vertically quenched rau hauv nruab nrab.Asymmetric qhov chaw tuaj yeem quenched ntawm lub kaum sab xis.Kev taw qhia kom raug yog txhawm rau ua kom cov cua txias tsis sib xws thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw, nrog rau qhov chaw txias txias nkag mus rau qhov nruab nrab ua ntej, tom qab ntawd los ntawm qhov chaw txias dua.Kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub workpiece cov duab thiab nws cov kev cuam tshuam rau qhov txias txias yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev xyaum.
-Txav ntawm Workpieces hauv Quenching Nruab Nrab: Cov cua txias qeeb yuav tsum fim qhov nruab nrab quenching.Symmetrically zoo li tus workpieces yuav tsum ua raws li ib tug sib npaug thiab zoo ib yam nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, tswj ib tug me me amplitude thiab ceev ceev.Rau nyias thiab elongated workpieces, stability thaum quenching yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev.Tsis txhob viav vias thiab xav txog kev siv cov clamps es tsis txhob siv cov hlua khi rau kev tswj kom zoo dua.
-Speed ntawm quenching: Workpieces yuav tsum tau quenched sai.Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau nyias, pas nrig-zoo li workpieces, qeeb quenching speeds yuav ua rau kom muaj zog dabtsi yog khoov deformation thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm deformation ntawm seem quenched ntawm txawv sij hawm.
-Controlled Cooling: Rau cov khoom ua haujlwm uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me, tiv thaiv cov khoom cua txias sai dua nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo li asbestos hlua lossis cov ntawv hlau kom txo lawv cov cua txias thiab ua kom txias txias.
- Lub sijhawm txias hauv dej: Rau cov khoom ua haujlwm feem ntau ntsib kev deformation vim kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov qauv, ua kom lawv lub sijhawm txias hauv dej.Rau workpieces feem ntau undergoing deformation vim thermal stress, ncua lawv lub sij hawm txias nyob rau hauv dej kom txo quenching deformation.
Kho los ntawm May Jiang los ntawm MAT Aluminium
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-21-2024
