1. Taw qhia
Cov pwm yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau txhuas profile extrusion. Thaum lub sij hawm extrusion txheej txheem, cov pwm yuav tsum tau tiv taus kub, siab siab, thiab kev sib txhuam siab. Thaum siv mus ntev, nws yuav ua rau pwm hnav, yas deformation, thiab qaug zog puas. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau pwm tawg.
2. Cov ntawv ua tsis tiav thiab ua rau pwm
2.1 Hnav tsis ua haujlwm
Hnav yog daim ntawv tseem ceeb uas ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm extrusion tuag, uas yuav ua rau qhov loj ntawm aluminium profiles yuav tsis muaj kev txiav txim thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw yuav poob. Thaum lub sij hawm extrusion, aluminium profiles ua tau raws li qhov qhib ntawm pwm kab noj hniav los ntawm cov khoom siv extrusion nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias tsis muaj lubrication ua. Ib sab ncaj qha sib cuag nrog lub dav hlau ntawm lub caliper sawb, thiab lwm sab slides, ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam zoo heev. Qhov saum npoo ntawm kab noj hniav thiab qhov chaw ntawm txoj siv caliper yog raug hnav thiab tsis ua haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum lub sij hawm kev sib txhuam ntawm cov pwm, qee cov hlau hlau tau ua raws li qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm, uas ua rau cov pwm hloov pauv thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv, thiab tseem suav tias yog kev hnav tsis ua haujlwm, uas yog. qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm passivation ntawm txiav ntug, rounded npoo, dav hlau sinking, nto grooves, tev, thiab lwm yam.
Daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws muaj feem xyuam rau ntau yam xws li kev ceev ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib txhuam, xws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv tuag thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav, qhov roughness ntawm qhov tuag thiab billet, thiab lub siab, kub, thiab ceev thaum lub sij hawm extrusion txheej txheem. Kev hnav ntawm aluminium extrusion pwm yog feem ntau thermal hnav, thermal hnav yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txhuam, cov hlau nto softening vim qhov kub thiab txias thiab qhov chaw ntawm pwm kab noj hniav interlocking. Tom qab qhov saum npoo ntawm pwm kab noj hniav yog softened ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws hnav tsis kam yog heev txo. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm thermal hnav, qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau thermal hnav. Qhov kub siab dua, qhov hnyav dua thermal hnav.
2.2 Yas deformation
Cov yas deformation ntawm aluminium profile extrusion tuag yog cov txheej txheem yielding ntawm cov khoom siv hlau tuag.
Txij li thaum lub extrusion tuag yog nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm kub, siab kub, thiab high kev sib txhuam nrog cov extruded hlau rau lub sij hawm ntev thaum nws ua hauj lwm, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov tuag nce thiab ua softening.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav heev, ntau cov yas deformation yuav tshwm sim, ua rau txoj siv sia ua haujlwm tawg lossis tsim ib lub ellipse, thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm yuav hloov. Txawm hais tias cov pwm tsis tsim cov kab nrib pleb, nws yuav ua tsis tiav vim qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm aluminium profile tsis tuaj yeem lav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov saum npoo ntawm qhov extrusion tuag yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los ntawm kev rov ua cua sov thiab cua txias, uas ua rau hloov thermal stresses ntawm nro thiab compression ntawm qhov chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, microstructure kuj tau hloov pauv mus rau qhov sib txawv. Raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke no, pwm hnav thiab deformation ntawm yas yuav tshwm sim.
2.3 qaug zog puas tsuaj
Thermal qaug zog puas tsuaj kuj yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pwm tsis ua hauj lwm. Thaum cov rhuab aluminium pas nrig tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub npoo ntawm extrusion tuag, qhov kub ntawm lub txhuas pas nrig nce nrawm dua li qhov kub thiab txias, thiab compressive kev ntxhov siab yog tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw vim kev nthuav dav.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub zog tawm los ntawm pwm nto txo vim qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum qhov nce hauv siab tshaj qhov tawm los lub zog ntawm cov hlau saum npoo ntawm qhov sib xws, cov yas compression lim tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw. Thaum cov profile tawm ntawm pwm, qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw txo qis. Tab sis thaum qhov kub hauv qhov profile tseem siab, tensile strain yuav tsim.
Ib yam li ntawd, thaum qhov nce ntawm tensile kev nyuaj siab tshaj qhov tawm los lub zog ntawm qhov profile nto, yas tensile hom yuav tshwm sim. Thaum cov pwm pwm hauv cheeb tsam tshaj qhov kev txwv elastic thiab nkag mus rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm cov yas, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov yas me me tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog tawg.
Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau tiv thaiv lossis txo qhov qaug zog ntawm pwm, cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv thiab yuav tsum tau txais kev kho cua sov kom tsim nyog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau kev txhim kho kev siv ib puag ncig ntawm cov pwm.
2.4 Pwm tawg
Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, cov kab nrib pleb raug faib rau qee qhov ntawm cov pwm. Tom qab ib lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov kab nrib pleb me me raug tsim tawm thiab maj mam nthuav dav hauv qhov tob. Tom qab cov kab nrib pleb nthuav mus rau qee qhov me me, lub peev xwm thauj khoom ntawm cov pwm yuav ua rau tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau tawg. Los yog microcracks twb tau tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm thawj qhov kev kho cua sov thiab ua cov pwm, ua rau nws yooj yim rau pwm kom nthuav thiab ua rau tawg thaum ntxov thaum siv.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim, lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau tsis ua hauj lwm yog cov pwm lub zog tsim thiab kev xaiv ntawm lub fillet radius ntawm qhov kev hloov. Hais txog kev tsim khoom, cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog cov khoom siv tshuaj xyuas ua ntej thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov roughness thiab kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm ua, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab kev kho deg.
Thaum siv, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau kev tswj pwm preheating, extrusion ratio thiab ingot kub, nrog rau kev tswj ntawm extrusion ceev thiab hlau deformation txaus.
3. Kev txhim kho pwm lub neej
Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov txhuas profiles, pwm tus nqi account rau ib tug loj feem ntawm cov profile extrusion ntau lawm nqi.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm kuj ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom. Txij li thaum cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm extrusion pwm nyob rau hauv profile extrusion ntau lawm yog hnyav heev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj cov pwm los ntawm kev tsim thiab xaiv cov khoom mus rau qhov kawg ntawm cov pwm thiab tom qab siv thiab tu.
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, cov pwm yuav tsum muaj siab thermal stability, thermal qaug zog, thermal hnav tsis kam thiab txaus toughness kom ntev lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm thiab txo cov nqi ntau lawm.
3.1 Xaiv cov khoom pwm
Cov txheej txheem extrusion ntawm aluminium profiles yog qhov kub-kub, cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm siab, thiab cov txhuas extrusion tuag yog raug rau kev siv hnyav heev.
Lub extrusion tuag yog raug kub siab, thiab lub cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ncav cuag 600 degrees Celsius. Qhov saum npoo ntawm extrusion tuag yog rov ua kom sov thiab txias, ua rau thermal qaug zog.
Thaum extruding aluminium alloys, pwm yuav tsum tiv taus siab compression, dabtsi yog khoov thiab shear stresses, uas yuav ua rau adhesive hnav thiab abrasive hnav.
Nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm extrusion tuag, cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txiav txim siab.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem zoo. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum yooj yim rau smelt, forging, txheej txheem thiab kho cua sov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom yuav tsum muaj lub zog siab thiab siab hardness. Extrusion tuag feem ntau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum extruding aluminium alloys, lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom siv tuag ntawm chav tsev kub yuav tsum siab dua 1500MPa.
Nws yuav tsum muaj kev kub ntxhov siab, uas yog, muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thaum extrusion. Nws yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev thiab tawg toughness qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tiv thaiv pwm los ntawm nkig puas nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab los yog cuam tshuam loads.
Nws yuav tsum muaj kev hnav tsis kam, uas yog, qhov saum npoo muaj peev xwm tiv taus hnav nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev kub, siab siab thiab tsis zoo lubrication, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum extruding aluminium alloys, nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus hlau adhesion thiab hnav.
Zoo hardenability yog yuav tsum tau los xyuas kom meej siab thiab uniform mechanical zog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hla seem ntawm lub cuab tam.
High thermal conductivity yog yuav tsum tau sai sai dissipate tshav kub los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nto ntawm lub cuab tam pwm los tiv thaiv lub zos overburning los yog ntau heev poob ntawm mechanical zog ntawm lub extruded workpiece thiab pwm nws tus kheej.
Nws yuav tsum muaj zog tiv thaiv kom rov ua dua kev ntxhov siab, uas yog, nws yuav tsum muaj lub zog ntev ntev los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog ntxov ntxov. Nws kuj yuav tsum muaj qee yam corrosion kuj thiab zoo nitridability zog.
3.2 Tsim nyog tsim pwm
Tsim nyog tsim pwm yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ncua nws lub neej kev pab cuam. Tus qauv tsim pwm tsim nyog yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev tawg thiab kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv kev siv ib txwm muaj. Yog li ntawd, thaum tsim cov pwm, sim ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab rau txhua qhov, thiab ua tib zoo saib kom tsis txhob muaj cov fab ntse, concave fab, phab ntsa thickness sib txawv, tiaj tus phab ntsa nyias nyias, thiab lwm yam, kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau. Tom qab ntawd, ua rau kev kho cua sov deformation, tawg thiab tawg tawg lossis tawg thaum ntxov thaum siv, thaum tus qauv tsim kuj yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev sib pauv ntawm kev khaws cia thiab tu cov pwm.
3.3 Txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab kev kho saum npoo
Kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm extrusion tuag feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev kho cua sov. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov siab heev thiab cov txheej txheem kho cua sov nrog rau kev kho kom nruj thiab kev txhim kho saum npoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los txhim kho kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm pwm.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev kho cua sov thiab cov txheej txheem ntxiv dag zog rau saum npoo yog nruj me ntsis tswj kom tsis txhob muaj kev kho cua sov. Kho quenching thiab tempering txheej txheem tsis, nce tus naj npawb ntawm pretreatment, stabilization kev kho mob thiab tempering, them nyiaj mloog mus rau kub tswj, cua sov thiab txias siv, siv tshiab quenching media thiab kawm cov txheej txheem tshiab thiab cov cuab yeej tshiab xws li ntxiv dag zog thiab toughening kev kho mob thiab ntau yam nto ntxiv dag zog. kev kho mob, yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm.
3.4 Txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev tsim pwm
Thaum lub sij hawm ua cov pwm, cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm muaj xws li kev ua tshuab, hlau txiav, hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam. Kev ua tshuab yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem pwm. Nws tsis tsuas yog hloov pauv qhov loj me ntawm cov pwm, tab sis tseem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov profile thiab kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm pwm.
Hlau txiav ntawm qhov tuag yog ib txoj kev siv dav hauv kev ua pwm. Nws txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab ua kom raug, tab sis nws kuj coj qee qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov pwm ua tiav los ntawm cov hlau txiav yog siv ncaj qha rau kev tsim khoom yam tsis muaj tempering, slag, tev, thiab lwm yam yuav yooj yim tshwm sim, uas yuav txo qhov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm pwm. Yog li ntawd, txaus tempering ntawm cov pwm tom qab xaim txiav tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tensile kev ntxhov siab lub xeev, txo cov kev ntxhov siab seem, thiab ua kom cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm pwm.
Kev nyuaj siab concentration yog lub ntsiab ua rau pwm tawg. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso cai los ntawm kev kos duab tsim, qhov loj ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hlau txiav hlau, qhov zoo dua. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog pab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho kev faib tawm ntawm kev ntxhov siab los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntxhov siab concentration.
Hluav taws xob tawm machining yog ib hom hluav taws xob corrosion machining ua los ntawm superposition ntawm cov khoom vaporization, melting thiab machining kua evaporation ua thaum tawm. Qhov teeb meem yog vim lub cua sov ntawm cov cua sov thiab cua txias ua rau lub machining kua thiab electrochemical kev txiav txim ntawm lub machining kua, ib tug hloov txheej txheej yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub machining ib feem los ua strain thiab kev nyuaj siab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov roj, cov carbon atoms decomposed vim lub combustion ntawm cov roj diffuse thiab carburize rau lub workpiece. Thaum lub thermal kev nyuaj siab nce, lub deteriorated txheej yuav nkig thiab tawv thiab yog feem ntau tawg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, residual stress yog tsim thiab txuas mus rau lub workpiece. Qhov no yuav ua rau txo qis qaug zog, ua kom tawg, kev nyuaj siab corrosion thiab lwm yam tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ua cov txheej txheem, peb yuav tsum sim kom tsis txhob muaj cov teeb meem saum toj no thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.
3.5 Txhim kho cov haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab cov txheej txheem extrusion
Cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm extrusion tuag yog qhov tsis zoo, thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm kuj tseem phem heev. Yog li ntawd, kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem extrusion txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho lub neej ntawm cov neeg tuag. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej extrusion, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim cov txheej txheem extrusion, xaiv cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb, tsim cov txheej txheem extrusion zoo tshaj plaws (xws li extrusion kub, ceev, extrusion coefficient thiab extrusion siab, thiab lwm yam) thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem extrusion. ua hauj lwm ib puag ncig thaum lub sij hawm extrusion (xws li dej txias los yog nitrogen txias, txaus lubrication, thiab lwm yam), yog li txo lub nra ntawm lub pwm (xws li txo extrusion siab, txo txias cua sov thiab alternating load, thiab lwm yam), tsim thiab txhim kho lub cov txheej txheem kev khiav hauj lwm thiab cov txheej txheem siv kev nyab xeeb.
4 Kev xaus
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam aluminium tiam sis, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no txhua tus neeg tab tom nrhiav kev txhim kho cov qauv zoo dua los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, txuag nqi, thiab nce cov txiaj ntsig. Lub extrusion tuag yog undoubtedly ib qho tseem ceeb tswj node rau zus tau tej cov txhuas profiles.
Muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm aluminium extrusion tuag. Ntxiv nrog rau cov khoom siv sab hauv xws li cov qauv tsim thiab lub zog ntawm cov tuag, cov ntaub ntawv tuag, txias thiab thermal ua thiab hluav taws xob ua tshuab, kev kho cua sov thiab kev kho deg, muaj cov txheej txheem extruding thiab siv tej yam kev mob, tuag tu thiab kho, extrusion. cov khoom siv cov yam ntxwv thiab cov duab, specifications thiab scientific tswj ntawm cov tuag.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo tsis yog ib leeg xwb, tab sis qhov teeb meem ntau yam ntawm cov teeb meem, txhawm rau txhim kho nws lub neej ntawm chav kawm kuj yog ib qho teeb meem, hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag thiab siv cov txheej txheem, yuav tsum ua kom zoo rau kev tsim, pwm ua, siv txij nkawm thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj, thiab tom qab ntawd txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm, txo cov nqi tsim khoom, txhim kho kev tsim khoom.
Kho los ntawm May Jiang los ntawm MAT Aluminium
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-14-2024
